Tonsillitis & Hypertrophied Adenoids

Tonsils and adenoids are lymphoid tissues that form part of the immune system and help trap bacteria and viruses entering through the nose and mouth. While they are important in early childhood, repeated infections or chronic inflammation can cause them to enlarge and interfere with normal breathing and swallowing.

Tonsillitis is inflammation of the tonsils caused by viral or bacterial infections. It can occur as an isolated episode or as a recurrent or chronic condition requiring ongoing medical management or surgical intervention.

Adenoids are located behind the nasal cavity and help filter pathogens in early life. When adenoids enlarge, they can obstruct airflow, especially in children, leading to breathing and ear-related problems.

Diagnosis is based on clinical evaluation and may include:

• Physical examination of throat, nose, and ears

• Throat swab or culture to identify infection type

• Nasal endoscopy to visualize adenoids

• Imaging studies in cases of chronic obstruction

Medical Management

For mild or acute cases, treatment may include:

• Pain relievers and anti-inflammatory medication

• Antibiotics when bacterial infection is confirmed

• Warm salt-water gargles

• Adequate hydration and rest

Surgical Management (Tonsillectomy)

Surgery may be recommended for recurrent or chronic tonsillitis, breathing obstruction, or complications such as abscess formation. Tonsillectomy is performed under general anesthesia using standardized surgical techniques.

Medical Management

Mild adenoid enlargement may be treated with:

• Nasal corticosteroid sprays

• Antibiotics when infection is present

• Allergy management

Surgical Management (Adenoidectomy)

Adenoidectomy may be recommended when adenoids cause significant nasal obstruction, recurrent ear infections, or sleep disturbances. The procedure is typically performed under general anesthesia and may be combined with tonsillectomy when indicated.

When both tonsils and adenoids are enlarged, combined surgery may be performed to improve breathing, reduce infections, and enhance sleep quality. This approach is commonly used in children but may also be required in adults.

Treatment cost depends on:

• Severity of condition

• Diagnostic tests required

• Type of treatment (medical or surgical)

• Hospital and anesthesia requirements

Cost details are discussed during clinical consultation based on the treatment plan.

Recovery typically includes:

• Rest and hydration

• Soft diet for several days

• Temporary throat discomfort

• Avoidance of irritants during healing

• Follow-up visits to monitor recovery

Most patients recover within one to two weeks.